A colleague is making a slide. Two words, in the house style of our own university’s slogan: “no war.” She has Microsoft Copilot open, licensed, official, blessed by IT, so she asks it to generate the slide. Copilot refuses. Not because it can’t. Because it has an opinion, the opinion is not ours, and nobody tells you whose it is. I still remember her scream.
To keep questioning authority is a core duty of education. That includes the authority baked into tools.
My questions are about the tools and systems that hold education together. A corporate AI that gets a vote on an anti-war slogan. Proctoring software that decides whose face looks like an exam cheater. Microsoft analytics scoring how much of your week counts as collaboration. The course evaluation flattened into a satisfaction score. I read these the way you’d read an institutional policy, a user manual, or a script for a theatrical performance: for the roles they assign the student, the teacher, and the institution, roles rarely stated and therefore rarely open to argument.
I teach at De Haagse Hogeschool, Faculty of IT & Design, and I’m doing a PhD on lecturer agency under platform conditions: what it looks like to teach on your own terms inside infrastructure chosen for you without you. Drawing on critical media theory and science and technology studies, I ask a narrower question than whether a given technology is good or bad for education: What world does it assume, and who is still allowed to build another one?
I trained as an industrial design engineer at TU Delft, then studied Unstable Media at the Rietveld Academie: two disciplines for looking closely at how things are made, and at how they come apart. What I took from the second was a set of tactics more than a medium: institutional critique, net.art, the durational absurdity of Forced Entertainment, work that turns subversive by taking a system entirely at its word. My PhD is hosted by the Amsterdam School for Cultural Analysis at the University of Amsterdam, supervised by Geert Lovink, whose path from nettime and tactical media to the Institute of Network Cultures runs through more counter-cultural alleys than academic avenues, and models what research can look like outside the university as much as within it. At THUAS the research began inside Philosophy & Professional Practice, where Chris Detweiler brought me in and still co-supervises my PhD.
Critique is its own kind of pleasure: the naming of what a tool assumes and forecloses, the too-close-too-slow reading, the playful misuse that makes a tool show its seams, the out-of-interface experiences that leave us with an afterimage of the user model we embody. Critique and creativity feed each other, one process, imagining things otherwise as much as accounting for what already is. That imagining is collective and often slower work: bottom-up visions of agency and autonomy on our own terms, room for counter-narratives, polyphony and wandering doubt instead of blind alignment and compliance. This is the university I feel committed to sustaining. Not a set of values declared from above, but something a course team, a curriculum committee, a department can practice together, with self-conscience. That includes turning the same scrutiny on the tools of our own daily work, the authority we’ve stopped noticing because it arrived as a feature. Inevitable.
Confrontational and caring, critical and generative, poetic and real: I want research that mixes hands-on experiment with philosophical inquiry, that plays, and that doesn’t stay inside the border of one discipline or one institution. If you’ve had to fight a tool to teach well, or break a rule to make room for a student, I’d like to hear about it: a.zakkas@hhs.nl
[1] I first told the Copilot story in Utrecht, opening a symposium on open source and Big Tech dependency organised by Niels Kerssens, a name some of you will recognise from this blog’s own On Our Terms series.
[2] The group itself was quietly killed in 2026. It still haunts the edufactory in calendar invites that glitch back to life, a Teams call that never quite ends, an out-of-office reply that already seems to know about the new terms and conditions.
[3] Chris and I also run a self-hosted web radio: www.xlab.radio. In between student-run programs, we’re open for sound-based research experiments.